优点:职责链模式使多个对象都有机会处理请求,从而避免请求的发送者和接收者之间的耦合关系
(1)抽象处理者(Handler):定义处理请求的方法,并维护一个下一处理节点Handler对象的引用
(2)具体处理者(ConcreteHandler):对请求进行处理,如果不感兴趣,则进行转发
用户的请求传递,直到可以解决这个请求为止
public abstract class AbstractHandler {
protected AbstractHandler successor;
/**
* 设置继任者
*/
public void setSuccessor(AbstractHandler successor) {
this.successor = successor;
}
protected abstract void doHandle(String request);
}
public class ConcreteHandlerA extends AbstractHandler {
@Override
protected void doHandle(String request) {
if (request.startsWith("handlerA")) {
System.out.println("ConcreteHandlerA execute: " + request);
} else {
// 请求向下传递
successor.doHandle(request);
}
}
}
public class ConcreteHandlerB extends AbstractHandler {
@Override
public void doHandle(String request) {
if (request.startsWith("handlerB")) {
System.out.println("ConcreteHandlerB execute: " + request);
} else {
successor.doHandle(request);
}
}
}
public class ConcreteHandlerC extends AbstractHandler {
@Override
protected void doHandle(String request) {
if (request.startsWith("handlerC")) {
System.out.println("ConcreteHandlerC execute: " + request);
} else {
successor.doHandle(request);
}
}
}
测试:
@Test
public void test() {
AbstractHandler handlerA = new ConcreteHandlerA();
AbstractHandler handlerB = new ConcreteHandlerB();
AbstractHandler handlerC = new ConcreteHandlerC();
handlerA.setSuccessor(handlerB);
handlerB.setSuccessor(handlerC);
List<String> list = Arrays.asList("handlerA000", "handlerB111", "handlerC222");
for (String str : list) {
handlerA.doHandle(str);
}
}
``
## 3. 其他
```java
public abstract class AbstractHandle {
public static void main(String[] args) {
AbstractHandle handle = Builder.create()
.addHandler(new ValidateHandle())
.addHandler(new LoginHandle())
.addHandler(new AuthHandle())
.build();
handle.doHandle("111");
}
protected AbstractHandle chain;
public void next(AbstractHandle handle) {
this.chain = handle;
}
/**
* 抽象方法
* @param request
*/
public abstract void doHandle(String request);
public static class Builder {
private AbstractHandle head;
private AbstractHandle tail;
public Builder addHandler(AbstractHandle handle) {
if (this.head == null) {
this.head = this.tail = handle;
return this;
}
this.tail.next(handle);
this.tail = handle;
return this;
}
public AbstractHandle build() {
return this.head;
}
public static Builder create() {
return new Builder();
}
}
}
class ValidateHandle extends AbstractHandle {
@Override
public void doHandle(String request) {
System.out.println("ValidateHandle start");
if (chain != null) {
chain.doHandle(request);
}
}
}
class LoginHandle extends AbstractHandle {
@Override
public void doHandle(String request) {
System.out.println("LoginHandle start");
if (chain != null) {
chain.doHandle(request);
}
}
}
class AuthHandle extends AbstractHandle {
@Override
public void doHandle(String request) {
System.out.println("AuthHandle start");
// 若还有下一级,请求继续传递
if (chain != null) {
chain.doHandle(request);
}
}
}