财务报表—养老金1
2024-12-29 00:00:57  阅读数 1475

一.类型

1.DC plan:defined contribution plan风险由员工承担;

2.DB plan:defined benefit plan风险由企业承担;

二.DB plan 的记帐处理

1.PBO

①payment of pension:每期养老金支付额,=final salary *%*N;

②PV of pension payment:养老金负债于退休时点的PV;

③PBO:projected benefit obligation养老金负债于当前时点的PV;

④记账原则:抵消记账FS=PA—PBO

FS>0,资产端披露min[FS,ceiling]

FS<0,负债端披露FS

2.资产负债表

(1)资产端

PA0

+employer contribution

+actual return

-benefit paid to employees

=PA1

(2)负债端

PBO0

+CSC

+PSC

+INT.cost

+/-actuarial gain/loss

-benefit paid to employees

=PBO1

(3)养老金费用

CSC:current service cost当期服务成本,由于雇员工作年限的增加引起的PBO的增加;

PSC:past service cost过去服务成本,由于企业改变养老金费率引起的过去的PBO的改变;

actuarial gain/loss:精算损益,由于精算假设改变引起的PBO的变化。包括demographic assumptions:死亡率,寿命,员工流动性等;financial assumptions:工资增长率future compensation increase,折现率,PA预期收益expected return。

(4)PPC:periodic pension cost

①TPPC=PPC in I/S+PPC in OCI

FS0+employer contribution-TPPC=FS1

②under US GAAP:

PPC in I/S:

-CSC

-INT.cost(PBO0*r)

+expected return(PA0*Er)

-amortized PSC(PSC在员工剩余工作年限内摊销)

+/-actuarial gain/loss(起初值超过max(PBO0,PA0)*10%的部分在员工剩余工作年限内摊销)

PPC in OCI

-unamortized PSC

+/-unamortized actuarial gain/loss

③under IFRS:

PPC in I/S

-CSC

-PSC

-INT.cost(PBO0*r)

+ING.income(PA0*r)

PPC in OCI

remeasurement:actuarial gain/loss(不摊销)